Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

📍 Dobó István u. 20, Abaújszántó, Ungaria

453

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About the cemetery

Abaújszántó or Szántó in short is a town in Northeastern Hungary, 23 miles from Miskolc in the area of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, that was always part of Hungarian territory. In 1941 out of the general population of 4,908 there were 681 Jewish community members. On May 1944 they were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. A memorial listing the names of the victims is located both in the Abaújszántó and Miskolc cemeteries. The tombstones face east, and stand erect according to the Ashkenazi custom. The gravestones with their decorations are characteristic representations of religious symbols and Jewish folk-art. The cemetery is a treasure field of historical knowledge. It includes testimonies, sometimes the only remaining ones, relating to the once lived local Jewish population, as in Abaújszántó. The history of the Abaújszántó Jewish community dates back to 1738. Prior to that Jewish settlers lived outside the town walls. The cemetery is in existence since 1793 when the Hevra Kaddisha (Jewish Burial Society), with ninety members, was founded. Located in 20 Dobó Utca, a walking distance from the synagogue and the center of the town. Nearby is also the Catholic cemetery. The stone markers or matzevot, frequently carry precise dates and information on relatives that are not preserved by any other means. Cemetery records are among the most important genealogical sources yielding valuable data. Many of the markers have words and images that speak directly of the family member who is being honored. Tombstones make biographical and historical statements as they reflect family life. In the 17th thorough 19th centuries the tombstones included more information than the name and date of death. Often a description on a man's life, his occupation and his town would be written. A woman's tombstone would contain such information as name, date of death, name of her father, as a married woman, often "wife of..." the phrase "a woman of valor" and a symbol, a candelabrum. Entering the gate on the first level is the grave of Abaújszántó and Hungary's important rabbi, Elazar Loew (1758-1837), known as Shemen Rokeh from the title of a book he authored. The rabbis following him in Abaújszántó Rabbinate expected to be buried next to their respected Rabbi, who had presided before them. People visited the grave of Rabbi Elazar Loew at times of peril and peace. Rabbi Loew's name was known also among the area's gentiles and they prayed occasionally by the Rabbi's tomb. In a separate group on the first level, not far from their husbands, are the graves of the Rebbetzins (Wives of the Rabbis). While the names are almost unreadable, the colorful stones and the wording on the Matzevot are poignant reminders of their dedication as they stood at the side of their respectful husbands. As a spiritual link between the living and the dead, the tombstones became the site of pilgrimage and supplication for help from the deceased. Many of the markers have words and images that speak directly of the family member who is being honored. As the lower section was filled, the cemetery extended to the higher level, reached by steps. Overlooking the surrounding valleys from the cemetery's high elevation, the view is especially beautiful. There are the open meadows and unlimited distance of visibility. On the first line at the higher level are the graves of the Zimmerman family who made the town an important exporter of the famous Tokay wine. Reading the gravestones one could observe the tragedy that accompanied the family's success. There is the beautiful three-dimensional black marble tombstone of their eighteen-year-old daughter, Erzsébet. Not far from the Zimmermans is the grave of Moses Mór Szász, my great-grandfather. Within a Mogen David is the carving of a water pitcher representative of the ritual function of a Levite. The graceful gravestone erected in 1916 was a statement, a written message that reached me many years later, after surviving Auschwitz. The words "good name " carved in stone, were the esteemed attribute of the departing old man. His full name and eulogy were expressed in an acrostic pattern. Each line begins with a Hebrew letter, eventually forming the name בן נתן משה Moshe, the son of Nathan. Standing by the grave and reading the words of the Matzevah, my heart overflew with thanks and gratitude. The graves of my two great grandmothers, Sara Szász and Golda Reinitz are in another section of the cemetery. The three graves are my only remnants of a world scattered by the winds of hate. Finding them I received a message of love and belonging. Higher on top, on the second level, are buried Rabbi Nathan Yizhak and his son Lipot Aryeh Lipschitz. They served the Abaujszanto Jewish community. With devoted joint efforts and financial expenses Eli Szamosi and Miksa Winkler photographed the graves. They dedicated their work to the memory of Mrs. Elza Reich Szamosi, Eli's mother. Mrs. Szamosi, deported from Abaújszántó, survived Auschwitz, Markkleeberg and other camps. The Cemetery list was prepared by the kind volunteer work of Ms. Madeleine Isenberg and Mr. Peter Absolon . They, together with Mr. Szamosi and Mr. Winkler deserve our greatest thanks and appreciation. Their Mitzva of Hesed Shel Emet is an act of truthful and pure loving kindness. Zahava Szász Stessel, Ph.D. See also: Zahava Szász Stessel, : The History of Abaújszántó, Fairleigh Dickinson University and Associated University Presses, 1995. Zahava Stessel, "Traces of a Jewish Community in Rural Hungary," The Jewish Press, 25 March 1988, 50C.

Contact & location

Locality: Abaújszántó
Dobó István u. 20
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Deceased (453)

Father's name: Nachum. Mother's name: Chana Lea. Died 23 Kislev 5697. 87 years old

Shmuel

1860

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Shimshon. Died 4 de Chol HaMoed 5620

Gabor Gabriel Egermann

1908

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Died 28 Av 5668.

Beila Engel

1900

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Ascher. Wife of Aharon Israel. Died 9 Adar2 5660.

Vilmos Zeev Grosz

1876 – 1926

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Avraham. Mother's name: Rachel. Died 9 Kislev 5687.

Oszkar Avraham Zimmermann

1927

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yermiahu. Mother's name: Lea. Died 19 Tishri 5688.

Itzchak Schwartzer

1920

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Chaim Zvi. Mother's name: Blima. Died 24 Tevet 5680.

Perel Glatter

1892

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Itzchak Eizik. Died 26 Elul 5652.

Aryeh Rosenzweig

1887

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Itzchak. Died 2 Shvat 5647.

Menachem Zvi Emanuel Alter

1890

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Jakov. Died 21 Tishri 5651.

Miksa Moshe Pereny

1879 – 1919

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Mordechai.

Beila Betti Herzog

1913

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Mother's name: Sara. Widow of Menachem. Died 6 Adar2 5673.

Rivka

1849

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Itzchak. Died 14 Elul 5609. 54 years old

Salamon Shalom Teitelbaum

1833 – 1922

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Henoch. Mother's name: Rachel. Died 27 Elul 5682.

Benjamin Goldstein

1905

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Aharon. Died 7 Adar2 5665.

Chana Deutsch

1905

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Wife of Zvi. Died 11 Shvat 5665.

Itzchak Groszman

1883

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Shmuel. Died 9 Tamuz 5643.

David Deszberg

1892

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Josef. Died 2 Elul 5652.

Bluma Klein

1907

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Israel. Wife of Dov. Died 2 Tevet 5668.

Sara Deszberg Rosenberg

1931

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Zvi. Mother's name: Reizel. Wife of Abraham Leib. Died 20 Elul 5691.

Meir Eichenbaum

1838

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Itzchak. Died 23 Kislev 5599.

Adolf Avraham Arje

1913

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Alexander. Mother's name: Lea. Died 11 Av 5673.

Itzchak Eizik Schwartz

1898

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yehuda. Died 10 Tishri 5659.

Lajos Eliezer Goldmann

1911

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Josef. Died 10 Shvat 5671.

Rechel Tiegerman

1907

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Wife of Mordechai. Died 23 Shvat 5667.

Sara Tiegerman

1885

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Mother's name: Bila. Died 14 Adar 5645.

Bertalan Dov Widder

1899

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Aryeh. Died 21 Tishri 5660.

Eliahu Bauman

1911

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Baruch. Mother's name: Rachel. Died 18 Nisan 5671.

Bunim Juda Schwartz

1916

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yaakov. Died 9 Elul 5676.

Mindel

1843

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Eliahu. Died 1 Adar 5603.

Chaim Kaufmann

1902

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Mordechai. Died 17 Tamuz 5662.

Tziperl Quittner

1914

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Wife of Shmuel. Died 9 Nisan 5674.

Yeshua Ratzenstein

1924

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Chaim Zeev. Died 25 Sivan 5684.

Liebe Schwartz

1904

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Moshe. Wife of Itzchak Eizik. Died 27 Elul 5664.

Laura Lieba Schwartz Feuerstein

1934

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Mother's name: Chana. Wife of Aryeh. Died 28 Iyyar 5694.

Mirel Stern Hamburger

1839 – 1934

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yerucham. Wife of Itzchak Yaakov. Died 25 Tevet 5695. 95 years old. (Contributed by: Madeleine Isenberg )

Esther Grunbaum

1877

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Aharon. Wife of Zvi. Died 11 Nisan 5637.

Adolf Avraham Goldmann

1850 – 1882

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Leib. Died 4 Shvat 5644. Died young, 31 years old.

Regina Rachel Winter Teitelbaum

1897

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yom Tov. Wife of Shalom / Salamon. Died 14 Tamuz 5657.

Dov Gross

1878

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: David. Died 5 Adar2 5638.

Moshe Bezalel Deszberg

1881

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Eliezer.

Pinkas Roth

1907

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Moshe. Died 11 Heshvan 5668.

Shmuel

1874

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Eliezer David. Mother's name: Golde. Died 29 Kislev 5635.

Yaakov Horn

1875

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Zvi. Died 30 Av 5635.

Peretz

1838

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Menachem. Died 11 Elul 5598.

Mariska Machla Bleiweisz Grosz

1904

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Avraham. Wife of Izidor. Died 12 Tevet 5665.

Keyla Deutsch

1913

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Dov Ber. Mother's name: Yitl. Wife of Eliezer. Died 26 Kislev 5674.

Moshe Yaakov

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Dov. Died 15 Tishri ????.

Joob Rosenfeld

1880

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Died 20 Av 5640.

Ilona Burger Meisels

1864 – 1943

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Wife of Yaakov. Died 6 Nisan 5703.

Shmuel Dov Patron

1924

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Josef. Died 10 Tamuz 5684.

Shmuel Pasternak

1907

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Shlomo. Died 26 Elul 5667.

Samuel Shmuel Neumann

1864 – 1902

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Menachem. Died 22 Heshvan 5663.

Aryeh

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Rozalia Sara Horowitz

1921

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Eliezer. Mother's name: Rivka. Wife of Shlomo David. Died 5 Heshvan 5862.

Elkanan Schwartz

1867

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Alexander. Died Erev Sivan (=29 Iyyar) 5627.

Aharon Israel Engel

1878

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Yaakov Koppel. Died 21 Tamuz 5638.

Josef Eliezer Bernath

1885

Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

Father's name: Mordechai Shmuel. Died 15 Nisan 5645.

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Abaujszanto Jewish Cemetery

About the cemetery

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Deceased (453)

Yehoshua

Hirsch

Moshe Guttmann

Shmuel

Gabor Gabriel Egermann

Beila Engel

Vilmos Zeev Grosz

Oszkar Avraham Zimmermann

Itzchak Schwartzer

Perel Glatter

Aryeh Rosenzweig

Menachem Zvi Emanuel Alter

Miksa Moshe Pereny

Beila Betti Herzog

Rivka

Salamon Shalom Teitelbaum

Benjamin Goldstein

Chana Deutsch

Itzchak Groszman

David Deszberg

Bluma Klein

Sara Deszberg Rosenberg

Meir Eichenbaum

Adolf Avraham Arje

Itzchak Eizik Schwartz

Lajos Eliezer Goldmann

Rechel Tiegerman

Sara Tiegerman

Bertalan Dov Widder

Eliahu Bauman

Bunim Juda Schwartz

Mindel

Chaim Kaufmann

Tziperl Quittner

Yeshua Ratzenstein

Liebe Schwartz

Laura Lieba Schwartz Feuerstein

Mirel Stern Hamburger

Esther Grunbaum

Adolf Avraham Goldmann

Regina Rachel Winter Teitelbaum

Dov Gross

Moshe Bezalel Deszberg

Pinkas Roth

Shmuel

Yaakov Horn

Peretz

Mariska Machla Bleiweisz Grosz

Keyla Deutsch

Moshe Yaakov

Joob Rosenfeld

Ilona Burger Meisels

Shmuel Dov Patron

Shmuel Pasternak

Samuel Shmuel Neumann

Aryeh

Rozalia Sara Horowitz

Elkanan Schwartz

Aharon Israel Engel

Josef Eliezer Bernath

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