Ernst Eduard Maria Hammerschmidt (29 April 1928 – 16 December 1993) was a scholar of Ethiopia as well as Ethiopian Christianity. From 1970 to 1990 he was professor for African languages and cultures at the University of Hamburg, specializing in Ethiopian studies: history, culture, religion, and classical Ethiopic literature. He also spent much of his life as a priest in the Old Catholic Church of Austria, and served as coadjutor bishop from 1991 to 1993.
Ernst Eduard Maria Hammerschmidt (29 April 1928 – 16 December 1993) was a scholar of Ethiopia as well as Ethiopian Christianity. From 1970 to 1990 he was professor for African languages and cultures at the University of Hamburg, specializing in Ethiopian studies: history, culture, religion, and classical Ethiopic literature. He also spent much of his life as a priest in the Old Catholic Church of Austria, and served as coadjutor bishop from 1991 to 1993.
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Biography Ernst Hammerschmidt was born in 1928 in Marienbad, Czechoslovakia (Mariánské Lázně); he and his family were Sudeten Germans. The German-speaking Volksdeutsche were expelled from Czechoslovakia in 1945 after the end of World War II, including Hammerschmidt and his family. He finished his high school education in Weiden in der Oberpfalz in Bavaria. He spent an extensive amount of time in higher education, studying philosophy, theology, oriental studies, and law. He attended the University of Bamberg from 1946 to 1948, the University of Innsbruck from 1949 to 1950 (gaining a licentiate of Philosophy), the theological college of St. Florian Monastery near Linz in 1950–1951, the University of Salzburg in 1951–1952 (gaining a doctorate in philosophy), and the University of Vienna in 1952–1953 (earning a doctorate in theology). This was followed by studies on liturgical texts of the Coptic Church and Ethiopian Orthodox Church at the University of Münster (Westphalia) in 1954–1955, the University of Oxford in 1955–1957 (earning a degree as Bachelor of Letters), and again at the University of Vienna in 1957–1958. He completed his habilitation in 1962 at Saarland University, where he then taught as a private lecturer. He was appointed adjunct professor there of Oriental Studies in…
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Scholarly work Hammerschmidt was particularly interested in codicology (the study of manuscripts), literature in the classical Ethiopic language (Ge'ez), and the history of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. While at Hamburg, he founded the Aethiopistische Forschungen, a scholarly monograph series focused on Ethiopian studies. He continued his involvement until his death in 1993, with the last volume he edited #35. Much of his time in the 1960s was spent in Ethiopia where he performed his most significant scholarly work and contributions. He was on good terms with the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, in particular Abuna Theophilos, then the Archbishop of Harar (later to become Patriarch). He gained permission to undertake a cataloguing project of ancient manuscripts held on monasteries in the islands of Lake Tana, largely in classical Ge'ez (by then a liturgical language, as Amharic was used for everyday communication). Hammerschmidt photographed 31 manuscripts held at Gabriel Monastery on the island of Kebrān, 22 manuscripts on Rema Island, none on Tana Qirqos (the monks had fled for unrelated reasons), 67 manuscripts on Daga Island, and more manuscripts at Dabra Maryam monastery on a peninsula. 182 manuscripts were catalogued in total during the expeditions. Notably, this included another manuscript of the Apocalypse…
