4th Prime Minister of Bulgaria. He served on four different occasions: First, from December 10, 1880 to May 9, 1881, second, from July 11, 1884 to August 21, 1886, third, from August 24, 1886 to August 28, 1886, and lastly, from March 5, 1901 to January 4, 1902. He also served as minister of finance three times between 1881 and 1902. Prior to becoming prime minister, he was an apprentice weaver until he left for Moscow at the age of 16, where he studied history and philology at Moscow State University. He also served in the Russian Army during the Russo-Turkish War. In 1878 the Russians appointed him the deputy governor of Svishtov, before he was elected to the new Assembly. He was then made prime minister by Price Alexander but shortly thereafter exiled when the prince suspended the constitution. He served as a Mayor of Plovdiv during his exile. He returned to Bulgaria proper in 1884 and again was made prime minister. Later, he was imprisoned by political foes and amnestied in 1894. In 1901 he briefly returned to lead the Democratic party's first government. He is best remembered for founding the Democratic party, overseeing the unification of Bulgaria and Rumelia and his role in the Serbo-Bulgarian War. After leaving office, he became known as the "grand old man" of democratic liberalism in Bulgaria.
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